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What is MCHC?

MCHC, or mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, is a blood test measurement that calculates the average concentration of hemoglobin in your red blood cells. Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout your body. MCHC is measured during a complete blood count (CBC), which is one of the most common blood tests ordered by doctors. Unlike MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin), which measures the average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell, MCHC specifically measures the concentration of hemoglobin relative to the volume of each red blood cell.

Why is MCHC important?

Tracking your MCHC levels helps evaluate the health of your red blood cells and their ability to carry oxygen. This measurement is particularly valuable for diagnosing different types of anemia and other blood disorders. MCHC results are analyzed alongside other red blood cell indices like MCV (mean corpuscular volume) and MCH to determine what type of anemia or blood condition may be present.

Low MCHC may indicate iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, or chronic disease anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common cause of low MCHC. Symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, cold hands and feet, brittle nails, and frequent headaches.

High MCHC is less common but can signal conditions like hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell disease, or autoimmune hemolytic anemia. With hereditary spherocytosis, red blood cells lose their membranes and become sphere-shaped rather than disc-shaped, leading to a higher concentration of hemoglobin in a smaller cell volume. If you are concerned about your levels, it is important to consult with your physician.

How can I better understand my MCHC levels?

MCHC levels:

  • Low: Less than 32 g/dL
  • Normal: 32-36 g/dL
  • High: Greater than 36 g/dL

MCHC test results are analyzed in conjunction with other CBC measurements to determine whether your red blood cells are functioning properly and to identify the specific type of anemia if present. Your healthcare provider will consider your MCHC alongside MCV, MCH, RDW (red cell distribution width), and hemoglobin levels for a complete picture of your blood health.

How can I maintain optimal MCHC levels?

If you need to maintain or improve your MCHC levels, consider the following strategies:

Dietary Changes: For low MCHC related to iron deficiency, increase intake of iron-rich foods like red meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, dark leafy greens, beans, lentils, and fortified cereals. Consuming vitamin C with iron-rich foods helps improve iron absorption. If low MCHC is due to vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, eat more eggs, dairy products, meat, fish, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, asparagus, peas, and fortified grains.

Supplementation: Your healthcare provider may recommend iron supplements, vitamin B12 injections or tablets, or folic acid supplements depending on the underlying cause of abnormal MCHC levels. Iron supplements work best when taken between meals, while vitamin B12 deficiency may require regular injections for proper absorption.

Avoid Certain Substances: Avoid drinking tea or coffee with meals as these can reduce iron absorption. Limit alcohol consumption, which can interfere with vitamin B12 absorption and utilization.

Where can I learn more?

DISCLAIMER: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider for interpretation of your MCHC results and for personalized health recommendations.