Understanding Your Advanced BioAge Report

Your biological age reveals how your body is actually aging, not just how many birthdays you have had. The Advanced BioAge Report translates your blood biomarker results into an age for each major organ system, so you can see where your health is thriving and where it needs attention.

This guide walks through every part of the report and what each piece means.

What’s in your report

• Your Overall Advanced Biological Age
• Ten system-specific biological ages
• A peer group ranking for your overall result and for each system
• Contributing factors showing which biomarkers are most influencing each system

Your Overall Advanced Biological Age

At the top of your report you will see two numbers: your chronological age, and your Overall Advanced Biological Age. The difference between them is your delta, shown as something like “2 years younger.”

One thing worth knowing up front: your overall result is not the average of your ten system ages. It is modeled separately, using biomarker patterns associated with whole-body resilience and long-term susceptibility across multiple systems at once. So it is possible for your overall result to look better or worse than a simple average of the systems below it. That is not an error. It is a different calculation answering a broader question.

The ten body systems

Each system gets its own age, modeled independently. Because each one is calculated the same way, they are directly comparable to each other.

Cardiovascular reflects vascular and cardiac risk physiology, drawing on markers associated with atherosclerosis, endothelial stress, inflammation, and cardiometabolic load.

Metabolic reflects glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity, and how flexible your metabolism looks versus showing signs of strain.

Respiratory reflects patterns in your blood associated with reduced respiratory reserve and chronic airway inflammation.

Brain reflects biomarker patterns associated with brain aging and cognitive resilience, often vascular, metabolic, or inflammatory in nature.

Liver reflects hepatocellular integrity, metabolic liver load, and detoxification-related stress.

Kidney reflects filtration efficiency and renal reserve.

Bone reflects bone remodeling balance and mineral metabolism.

Thyroid reflects thyroid axis physiology and the downstream metabolic signaling it drives.

Blood reflects oxygen-carrying capacity, red cell and iron dynamics, and overall blood system resilience.

Inflammation reflects chronic inflammatory load, sometimes described as inflammaging, which cuts across many age-related conditions.

A note on systems we infer rather than measure directly

Respiratory, bone, and brain deserve a specific caveat. We are not performing a lung function test, a bone density scan, or a cognitive assessment. These ages are derived entirely from patterns in your blood biomarkers that the underlying models found to be associated with long-term outcomes in those areas across large populations.

That association is real and it is useful. It is not the same as a direct measurement of the organ. If one of these systems comes back with an unfavorable result, the appropriate next step is a conversation with your provider about whether direct testing makes sense for you, not a conclusion about your lungs or bones.

What your delta actually means

If your cardiovascular age reads four years younger than your chronological age, it means your cardiovascular biomarker profile looks like the average profile of someone four years younger than you.

What it does not mean:

• It is not a prediction that you will live four extra years.
• It is not a claim that your heart is literally four years younger.
• It is not a diagnosis, in either direction.

It is a comparison, expressed in years because years are the frame most people find intuitive.

Your deltas will often differ across systems, and that variation is the most useful thing in the report. A strong cardiovascular result alongside an average metabolic one tells you something specific about where to focus. A single number would hide that.

Your peer group ranking

Alongside each age, you will see a ranking such as “your cardiovascular health is in the top 14% for your peer group.” Your peer group is people of your same age and sex.

A ranking in the top 14% means roughly 14% of your peers have a result at least as favorable as yours, so you are ahead of about 86% of them. Lower percentages are better.

Why your ranking and your delta can tell different stories. You may see similar deltas across several systems while the rankings vary widely. This happens most often for younger customers, and it is expected. The models have less room to spread results apart at younger ages, when very few people in the reference data have developed the conditions being modeled. The age deltas compress toward a narrow band, while the peer ranking still has plenty of room to differentiate.

If that describes your report, read the ranking as your primary signal and the delta as secondary. As you get older, or as you retest over time, the deltas become more expressive.

Contributing factors

For each system, you can open the contributing factors view to see which of your biomarkers are influencing that age and in which direction. This is the part of the report you can actually act on.

Two things to keep in mind:

The same marker can matter differently in different systems. A given result might be a major driver of one system’s age and barely register in another. That is because the models learned, from outcome data, which markers carry weight for which outcomes.

A result can be inside the standard lab range and still pull your age up. Standard reference ranges were built to flag clinical outliers in a general population. These models are looking for the values associated with the most favorable long-term outcomes for someone your age and sex, which is a narrower target. A value that is clinically normal but not at that optimum can still show up as a contributing factor. That is a signal for proactive attention, not a cause for alarm.

What to do with your results

1. Start with the systems that ranked least favorably, not the ones with the biggest headline deltas.
2. Open the contributing factors for those systems and note which markers appear.
3. Cross-reference those markers with your individual biomarker insights in your dashboard for context on what each one reflects.
4. Retest. A single report is a snapshot. The direction of travel across two or three reports carries far more signal than any one result, and normal variation between tests is expected. 
5. Bring the report to your healthcare provider, especially the contributing factors rather than just the ages.

An unfavorable result in any system is not a diagnosis. It is a prompt for attention, and a starting point for a better conversation with your provider.

References and further reading

On different organ systems aging at different rates

1. Oh HSH, Rutledge J, Nachun D, et al. Organ aging signatures in the plasma proteome track health and disease. Nature. 2023;624(7990):164-172. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06802-1
2. Oh HSH, Le Guen Y, Rappoport N, et al. Plasma proteomics links brain and immune system aging with healthspan and longevity. Nat Med. 2025;31:2703-2711. doi:10.1038/s41591-025-03798-1

On the Inflammation domain

1. Franceschi C, Campisi J. Chronic inflammation (inflammaging) and its potential contribution to age-associated diseases. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014;69(Suppl 1):S4-S9. doi:10.1093/gerona/glu057
2. Franceschi C, Bonafè M, Valensin S, et al. Inflamm-aging: an evolutionary perspective on immunosenescence. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;908:244-254. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06651.x

On the Kidney domain

1. Shlipak MG, Matsushita K, Ärnlöv J, et al. Cystatin C versus creatinine in determining risk based on kidney function. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(10):932-943. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1214234

On the Brain domain

1. Livingston G, Huntley J, Liu KY, et al. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission. Lancet. 2024;404(10452):572-628. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01296-0

On the Respiratory domain

1. Ellingsen J, Janson C, Bröms K, et al. CRP, fibrinogen, white blood cells, and blood cell indices as prognostic biomarkers of future COPD exacerbation frequency: the TIE cohort study. J Clin Med. 2024;13(13):3855. doi:10.3390/jcm13133855

On the Thyroid and Bone domains

1. Rodondi N, den Elzen WPJ, Bauer DC, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. JAMA. 2010;304(12):1365-1374. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1361
2. Blum MR, Bauer DC, Collet TH, et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and fracture risk: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2015;313(20):2055-2065. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5161

Your blood work is processed in a CLIA-certified, CAP-accredited laboratory. The Advanced BioAge Report is generated using VOLO Health’s modeling platform and is provided for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended to diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent any disease or medical condition and does not constitute medical advice. It has not been reviewed or cleared by the FDA. Statistical associations described here are population-level findings and are not evidence of causation at the individual level. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional with questions regarding your health.